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GDL Area Database (4.0)

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133 indicators, 131 countries, 1483 sub-national regions
38.6 million persons, 8.7 million households
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Mean years education of women aged 20+

1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
China (Asia/Pacific)
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Total 7.34 7.32 7.31 7.30 7.29 7.28 7.26 7.25 7.24 7.23 7.21 7.20 7.19 7.19 7.18 7.45 7.71 7.98 8.24 8.51
Urban 9.72 9.63 9.53 9.43 9.33 9.23 9.14 9.04 8.94 8.84 8.75 8.65 8.55 8.51 8.47 8.79 9.11 9.43 9.75 10.1
Rural 5.56 5.58 5.59 5.61 5.63 5.64 5.66 5.67 5.69 5.70 5.72 5.73 5.75 5.60 5.44 5.56 5.67 5.79 5.90 6.02
Poor 5.19 5.22 5.25 5.28 5.31 5.34 5.37 5.40 5.44 5.47 5.50 5.53 5.56 5.21 4.86 4.79 4.72 4.65 4.58 4.51
Nonpoor 8.29 8.23 8.18 8.12 8.06 8.01 7.95 7.89 7.84 7.78 7.72 7.67 7.61 7.50 7.39 7.68 7.96 8.25 8.53 8.82
Lowest 25% 5.07 5.12 5.16 5.20 5.24 5.28 5.33 5.37 5.41 5.45 5.50 5.54 5.58 5.65 5.72 5.94 6.15 6.37 6.58 6.80
Second 25% 5.84 5.94 6.03 6.13 6.23 6.32 6.42 6.51 6.61 6.70 6.80 6.89 6.99 6.85 6.71 7.09 7.47 7.85 8.23 8.61
Third 25% 8.33 8.25 8.17 8.09 8.01 7.93 7.85 7.77 7.69 7.61 7.53 7.45 7.37 7.58 7.78 7.94 8.10 8.26 8.42 8.58
Highest 25% 10.1 9.92 9.78 9.64 9.50 9.36 9.23 9.09 8.95 8.81 8.68 8.54 8.40 8.30 8.20 8.70 9.19 9.69 10.2 10.7
Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shandong 7.66 7.69 7.73 7.76 7.79 7.83 7.86 7.90 7.93 7.97 8.00 8.04 8.07 8.09 8.11 8.16 8.21 8.26 8.31 8.36
Chongqing, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Tibet 7.58 7.37 7.15 6.94 6.73 6.51 6.30 6.09 5.87 5.66 5.45 5.23 5.02 5.78 6.54 6.73 6.91 7.10 7.28 7.47
Fujian, Guangdong, Hainan 8.03 8.07 8.12 8.16 8.20 8.25 8.29 8.34 8.38 8.43 8.47 8.52 8.56 7.96 7.35 7.70 8.05 8.40 8.75 9.10
Gansu, Qinghai, Ningxia, Xinjiang 6.34 6.40 6.47 6.53 6.59 6.66 6.72 6.79 6.85 6.92 6.98 7.05 7.11 6.45 5.79 6.41 7.03 7.65 8.27 8.89
Henan, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Inner Mongolia 7.89 7.83 7.76 7.69 7.62 7.55 7.49 7.42 7.35 7.28 7.22 7.15 7.08 7.10 7.11 7.46 7.80 8.15 8.49 8.84
Hubei, Jiangxi, Hunan, Guangxi 6.42 6.47 6.52 6.57 6.62 6.67 6.72 6.77 6.81 6.86 6.91 6.96 7.01 7.12 7.23 7.35 7.46 7.58 7.69 7.81
Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang 8.27 8.22 8.17 8.12 8.07 8.02 7.97 7.92 7.88 7.83 7.78 7.73 7.68 7.70 7.72 8.11 8.49 8.88 9.26 9.65
Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui 7.36 7.30 7.24 7.18 7.12 7.06 7.00 6.94 6.89 6.83 6.77 6.71 6.65 6.88 7.11 7.33 7.55 7.77 7.99 8.21
Anhui 5.90 5.85 5.80 5.75 5.70 5.65 5.60 5.55 5.50 5.45 5.40 5.35 5.30 5.35 5.40 5.46 5.52 5.58 5.64 5.70
Beijing 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 10.9 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 10.8 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.6 10.7 10.8
Chongqing 7.22 7.05 6.89 6.72 6.55 6.39 6.22 6.05 5.89 5.72 5.55 5.39 5.22 6.05 6.87 6.86 6.84 6.83 6.81 6.80
Fujian 5.47 5.74 6.01 6.28 6.55 6.82 7.09 7.36 7.63
Gansu 5.36 5.49 5.61 5.74 5.87 5.99 6.12 6.24 6.37 6.49 6.62 6.74 6.87 6.84 6.80 6.89 6.97 7.06 7.14 7.23
Guangdong 8.24 8.18 8.12 8.06 8.00 7.94 7.88 7.82 7.76 7.70 7.64 7.58 7.52 7.38 7.24 7.71 8.17 8.64 9.10 9.57
Guangxi Zhuang 5.36 5.44 5.53 5.61 5.69 5.78 5.86 5.95 6.03 6.12 6.20 6.29 6.37 7.07 7.77 7.86 7.94 8.03 8.11 8.20
Guizhou 2.78 2.93 3.08 3.23 3.38 3.53 3.68 3.83 3.98 4.13 4.28 4.43 4.58 5.50 6.42 6.48 6.53 6.59 6.64 6.70
Hainan 6.86 6.87 6.89 6.90 6.92 6.93 6.95 6.96 6.98
Hebei 6.58 6.54 6.50 6.46 6.42 6.38 6.34 6.30 6.26 6.22 6.18 6.14 6.10 6.45 6.80 6.92 7.03 7.15 7.26 7.38
Heilongjiang 8.64 8.49 8.34 8.19 8.04 7.89 7.87 7.85 7.83 7.81 7.79
Henan 6.61 6.61 6.60 6.60 6.60 6.59 6.59 6.58 6.58 6.57 6.57 6.56 6.56 6.63 6.70 6.85 7.00 7.15 7.30 7.45
Hubei 7.60 7.47 7.35 7.23 7.11 6.99 6.86 6.74 6.62 6.50 6.37 6.25 6.13 6.55 6.97 7.07 7.16 7.26 7.35 7.45
Hunan 5.56 5.72 5.88 6.04 6.20 6.36 6.52 6.68 6.83 6.99 7.15 7.31 7.47 7.42 7.36 7.32 7.27 7.23 7.18 7.14
Inner Mongolia 7.03 7.02 7.02 7.01 7.01 7.00 7.00 6.99 6.99
Jiangsu 7.79 7.66 7.52 7.39 7.26 7.12 6.99 6.85 6.72 6.58 6.45 6.31 6.18 6.66 7.14 7.14 7.14 7.14 7.14 7.14
Jiangxi 3.61 3.88 4.15 4.42 4.69 4.96 5.23 5.50 5.78 6.05 6.32 6.59 6.86 6.61 6.35 6.51 6.66 6.82 6.97 7.13
Jilin 6.16 6.23 6.31 6.38 6.45 6.53 6.60 6.67 6.75 6.82 6.89 6.97 7.04 7.11 7.18 7.18 7.18 7.18 7.18 7.18
Liaoning 8.84 8.82 8.80 8.78 8.76 8.74 8.72 8.70 8.68 8.66 8.64 8.62 8.60 8.18 7.76 8.03 8.29 8.56 8.82 9.09
Ningxia 6.44 6.55 6.66 6.77 6.88 6.99 7.10 7.21 7.32
Qinghai 16.3 14.2 12.0 9.90 7.76 5.62 5.74 5.86 5.98 6.10 6.22
Shaanxi 5.82 5.86 5.90 5.94 5.98 6.02 6.06 6.10 6.15 6.19 6.23 6.27 6.31 7.21 8.10 8.29 8.47 8.66 8.84 9.03
Shandong 5.25 5.45 5.66 5.86 6.06 6.27 6.47 6.68 6.88 7.09 7.29 7.50 7.70 7.66 7.61 7.51 7.41 7.31 7.21 7.11
Shanghai 6.70 7.26 7.82 8.38 8.94 9.50 9.61 9.72 9.83 9.94 10.1
Shanxi 7.51 7.52 7.52 7.53 7.54 7.54 7.55 7.55 7.56 7.56 7.57 7.57 7.58 7.53 7.48 7.59 7.69 7.80 7.90 8.01
Sichuan 6.61 6.54 6.47 6.40 6.33 6.26 6.19 6.12 6.05 5.98 5.91 5.84 5.77 6.60 7.42 7.25 7.07 6.90 6.72 6.55
Tianjin 11.6 11.2 10.9 10.5 10.1 9.74 9.73 9.72 9.71 9.70 9.69
Xinjiang 5.39 5.39 5.39 5.39 5.39 5.39 5.39
Yunnan 5.49 5.47 5.44 5.41 5.38 5.35 5.33 5.30 5.27 5.24 5.22 5.19 5.16 5.90 6.63 6.61 6.59 6.57 6.55 6.53
Zhejiang 5.22 5.35 5.49 5.62 5.75 5.89 6.02 6.16 6.29 6.43 6.56 6.70 6.83 6.79 6.74 6.87 7.00 7.13 7.26 7.39