Follow @globaldatalab on Twitter
Blue numbers are estimated
% poorest households (with IWI value under 35)
| 1991 | 1992 | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Madagascar (Africa) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 87.6 | 88.3 | 89.0 | 89.7 | 90.5 | 91.2 | 91.9 | 90.6 | 89.4 | 88.1 | 86.8 | 85.6 | 84.3 | 83.1 | 83.2 | 83.3 | 83.5 | 83.6 | 83.8 | 81.7 | 79.5 | 77.4 | 75.3 | 73.2 | 71.1 | 68.9 | 66.8 | 64.7 |
| Urban | 45.2 | 49.9 | 54.5 | 59.2 | 63.8 | 68.5 | 73.1 | 70.7 | 68.3 | 65.9 | 63.5 | 61.1 | 58.7 | 56.3 | 52.6 | 48.9 | 45.2 | 41.5 | 37.9 | 37.6 | 37.4 | 37.1 | 36.9 | 36.6 | 36.4 | 36.1 | 35.9 | 35.6 |
| Rural | 95.3 | 95.8 | 96.2 | 96.7 | 97.1 | 97.6 | 98.0 | 97.0 | 96.0 | 95.0 | 94.0 | 92.9 | 91.9 | 90.9 | 91.1 | 91.4 | 91.6 | 91.8 | 92.1 | 90.1 | 88.1 | 86.2 | 84.2 | 82.2 | 80.3 | 78.3 | 76.4 | 74.4 |
| Poor | 93.4 | 93.7 | 93.9 | 94.2 | 94.4 | 94.7 | 94.9 | 94.0 | 93.2 | 92.3 | 91.4 | 90.6 | 89.7 | 88.8 | 89.1 | 89.4 | 89.7 | 90.0 | 90.3 | 88.6 | 86.9 | 85.2 | 83.5 | 81.8 | 80.1 | 78.4 | 76.7 | 75.0 |
| Nonpoor | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Lowest 25% | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 99.9 | 99.8 | 99.8 | 99.7 | 99.6 | 99.5 | 99.4 | 99.4 | 99.3 |
| Second 25% | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100.0 | 99.9 | 99.9 | 99.8 | 99.8 | 99.7 | 99.7 | 99.7 | 99.8 | 99.8 | 99.9 | 100.0 | 99.3 | 98.6 | 97.9 | 97.2 | 96.5 | 95.8 | 95.1 | 94.4 | 93.7 |
| Third 25% | 99.5 | 99.5 | 99.6 | 99.7 | 99.7 | 99.8 | 99.9 | 99.0 | 98.2 | 97.3 | 96.5 | 95.6 | 94.8 | 93.9 | 94.8 | 95.6 | 96.5 | 97.3 | 98.2 | 93.7 | 89.2 | 84.7 | 80.3 | 75.8 | 71.3 | 66.8 | 62.4 | 57.9 |
| Highest 25% | 51.0 | 53.8 | 56.6 | 59.4 | 62.2 | 65.0 | 67.8 | 63.6 | 59.4 | 55.2 | 51.0 | 46.8 | 42.6 | 38.4 | 38.1 | 37.8 | 37.6 | 37.3 | 37.0 | 33.8 | 30.5 | 27.3 | 24.1 | 20.8 | 17.6 | 14.4 | 11.1 | 7.89 |
| Antananarivo | 76.5 | 77.7 | 78.9 | 80.1 | 81.4 | 82.6 | 83.8 | 80.7 | 77.6 | 74.5 | 71.4 | 68.4 | 65.3 | 62.2 | 64.0 | 65.8 | 67.7 | 69.5 | 71.3 | 68.8 | 66.2 | 63.7 | 61.2 | 58.6 | 56.1 | 53.6 | 51.0 | 48.5 |
| Antsiranana | 86.9 | 88.3 | 89.7 | 91.1 | 92.5 | 93.8 | 95.2 | 94.8 | 94.5 | 94.1 | 93.7 | 93.3 | 92.9 | 92.5 | 92.3 | 92.0 | 91.7 | 91.5 | 91.2 | 86.9 | 82.6 | 78.2 | 73.9 | 69.6 | 65.3 | 60.9 | 56.6 | 52.3 |
| Fianarantsoa | 96.4 | 96.8 | 97.1 | 97.5 | 97.9 | 98.3 | 98.7 | 98.0 | 97.3 | 96.6 | 95.9 | 95.2 | 94.5 | 93.8 | 93.4 | 93.0 | 92.6 | 92.1 | 91.7 | 90.7 | 89.7 | 88.7 | 87.7 | 86.7 | 85.7 | 84.7 | 83.7 | 82.7 |
| Mahajanga | 93.0 | 93.5 | 94.0 | 94.5 | 95.0 | 95.4 | 95.9 | 95.3 | 94.6 | 93.9 | 93.3 | 92.6 | 92.0 | 91.3 | 90.7 | 90.1 | 89.6 | 89.0 | 88.4 | 85.7 | 83.1 | 80.4 | 77.7 | 75.1 | 72.4 | 69.8 | 67.1 | 64.4 |
| Toamasina | 88.9 | 89.2 | 89.6 | 89.9 | 90.3 | 90.7 | 91.0 | 91.0 | 91.0 | 91.0 | 91.1 | 91.1 | 91.1 | 91.1 | 90.0 | 88.8 | 87.7 | 86.6 | 85.4 | 82.6 | 79.8 | 76.9 | 74.1 | 71.3 | 68.4 | 65.6 | 62.7 | 59.9 |
| Toliary | 91.3 | 92.0 | 92.8 | 93.5 | 94.2 | 94.9 | 95.7 | 95.4 | 95.1 | 94.9 | 94.6 | 94.3 | 94.1 | 93.8 | 93.4 | 92.9 | 92.5 | 92.0 | 91.6 | 90.9 | 90.1 | 89.4 | 88.6 | 87.9 | 87.1 | 86.4 | 85.7 | 84.9 |
| Alaotra Mangoro | 94.0 | 91.5 | 89.0 | 86.5 | 83.9 | 81.4 | 78.9 | 76.4 | 73.8 | 71.3 | 68.8 | 66.3 | 63.7 | |||||||||||||||
| Analamanga | 61.4 | 58.7 | 56.1 | 53.5 | 50.8 | 48.2 | 45.5 | 42.9 | 40.3 | 37.6 | 35.0 | 32.3 | 29.7 | |||||||||||||||
| Analanjirofo | 99.9 | 98.1 | 96.4 | 94.6 | 90.3 | 86.0 | 81.7 | 77.4 | 73.0 | 68.7 | 64.4 | 60.1 | 55.8 | |||||||||||||||
| Anamoroni Mania | 89.2 | 88.3 | 87.4 | 86.6 | 85.7 | 84.8 | 83.9 | 83.0 | 82.2 | 81.3 | 80.4 | 79.5 | 78.7 | |||||||||||||||
| Androy | 99.9 | 99.5 | 99.0 | 98.6 | 97.6 | 96.6 | 95.6 | 94.6 | 93.6 | 92.6 | 91.7 | 90.7 | 89.7 | |||||||||||||||
| Anosy | 94.9 | 93.8 | 92.8 | 91.8 | 90.7 | 89.7 | 88.7 | 87.6 | 86.6 | 85.6 | 84.5 | 83.5 | 82.5 | |||||||||||||||
| Atsimo Andrefana | 90.1 | 89.7 | 89.3 | 88.9 | 88.5 | 88.1 | 87.7 | 87.3 | 86.8 | 86.4 | 86.0 | 85.6 | 85.2 | |||||||||||||||
| Atsimo Atsinanana | 99.9 | 99.3 | 98.7 | 98.1 | 97.3 | 96.5 | 95.7 | 95.0 | 94.2 | 93.4 | 92.6 | 91.9 | 91.1 | |||||||||||||||
| Atsinanana | 79.0 | 77.4 | 75.8 | 74.2 | 72.7 | 71.1 | 69.5 | 67.9 | 66.3 | 64.7 | 63.1 | 61.5 | 60.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Betsiboka | 99.2 | 97.0 | 94.7 | 92.5 | 90.3 | 88.0 | 85.8 | 83.6 | 81.3 | 79.1 | 76.9 | 74.7 | 72.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Boeny | 77.9 | 76.9 | 75.9 | 74.9 | 73.9 | 73.0 | 72.0 | 71.0 | 70.0 | 69.0 | 68.0 | 67.0 | 66.0 | |||||||||||||||
| Bongolava | 99.9 | 98.1 | 96.3 | 94.6 | 91.7 | 88.8 | 85.9 | 83.0 | 80.1 | 77.3 | 74.4 | 71.5 | 68.6 | |||||||||||||||
| Diana | 94.4 | 90.5 | 86.6 | 82.8 | 78.9 | 75.0 | 71.1 | 67.2 | 63.3 | 59.4 | 55.6 | 51.7 | 47.8 | |||||||||||||||
| Haute Matsiatra | 87.6 | 86.9 | 86.1 | 85.3 | 84.6 | 83.8 | 83.0 | 82.3 | 81.5 | 80.7 | 80.0 | 79.2 | 78.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Ihorombe | 99.9 | 98.3 | 96.8 | 95.2 | 93.3 | 91.4 | 89.5 | 87.5 | 85.6 | 83.7 | 81.8 | 79.9 | 77.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Itasy | 97.8 | 95.5 | 93.3 | 91.0 | 88.8 | 86.5 | 84.3 | 82.0 | 79.8 | 77.5 | 75.3 | 73.0 | 70.8 | |||||||||||||||
| Melaky | 99.9 | 98.6 | 97.4 | 96.1 | 94.5 | 92.9 | 91.3 | 89.7 | 88.1 | 86.6 | 85.0 | 83.4 | 81.8 | |||||||||||||||
| Menabe | 93.0 | 92.0 | 91.0 | 90.1 | 89.1 | 88.1 | 87.2 | 86.2 | 85.2 | 84.3 | 83.3 | 82.3 | 81.4 | |||||||||||||||
| Sava | 99.9 | 98.6 | 97.3 | 96.0 | 91.7 | 87.3 | 83.0 | 78.6 | 74.3 | 69.9 | 65.6 | 61.2 | 56.9 | |||||||||||||||
| Sofia | 99.9 | 98.0 | 96.1 | 94.3 | 90.3 | 86.3 | 82.4 | 78.4 | 74.5 | 70.5 | 66.6 | 62.6 | 58.7 | |||||||||||||||
| Vakinankaratra | 94.4 | 92.2 | 90.0 | 87.7 | 85.5 | 83.2 | 81.0 | 78.8 | 76.5 | 74.3 | 72.0 | 69.8 | 67.6 | |||||||||||||||
| Vatovavy Fitovinany | 99.9 | 98.9 | 97.8 | 96.8 | 95.5 | 94.1 | 92.8 | 91.5 | 90.2 | 88.8 | 87.5 | 86.2 | 84.9 | |||||||||||||||